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drug_type
RELEVANT_DRUG
intervention_type
Cellular immunotherapy (autologous gene-edited CAR-T cells)
drug_description
Autologous, gene-edited CD19-targeted CAR T-cell therapy with non-viral, site-specific integration at the PDCD1 (PD-1) locus to disrupt PD-1 signaling and enhance antitumor activity against CD19+ B-cell malignancies.
nci_thesaurus_concept_id
C200327
nci_thesaurus_definition
A preparation of autologous T-lymphocytes that are non-virally gene-edited with the clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)-Cas9 nuclease complex to integrate a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) targeting the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) CD19 in the locus of the programmed cell death 1 (PD-1; PDCD1; CD279; programmed death-1) gene, with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, autologous PD1-knockout CD19-specific CAR T-cells BRL-201 specifically target and bind to CD19-expressing tumor cells, thereby selectively lysing CD19-expressing tumor cells. CD19 antigen is a B-cell specific cell surface antigen overexpressed in B-cell lineage malignancies. Expression of PD-1, an inhibitory receptor expressed on activated T-cells, plays a key role in cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) suppression, T-cell exhaustion and CTL apoptosis. PD-1 knockout may abrogate T-cell exhaustion and increase T-cell activity and cytotoxicity.
drug_mesh_term
Chimeric Antigen Receptor T-Cell Therapy
drug_category
CAR T
drug_class
Cellular Therapy
drug_delivery_route
Intravenous
drug_mechanism_of_action
Autologous T cells are CRISPR-edited for site-specific CAR integration at the PDCD1 (PD-1) locus, knocking out PD-1 and expressing a CD19-targeted CAR. The CAR mediates recognition and lysis of CD19+ B-cell malignancies, while PD-1 disruption abrogates inhibitory checkpoint signaling to reduce T-cell exhaustion and enhance antitumor activity.
drug_name
BRL-201
nct_id_drug_ref
NCT05741359