drug_type
RELEVANT_DRUG
intervention_type
Cellular therapy (autologous gene-modified TCR-T cells)
drug_description
An autologous, gene-modified TCR-T cell therapy composed of engineered CD8+ and CD4+ T cells that express an HLA-A*11:01–restricted TCR specific for the KRAS G12V neoantigen, co-express a wild-type CD8α/β coreceptor to strengthen TCR signaling, and include a Fas–4-1BB switch receptor to convert Fas signals into 4-1BB costimulation, enhancing resistance to apoptosis and improving activation/persistence.
nci_thesaurus_concept_id
C204799
nci_thesaurus_preferred_term
Autologous HLA-A*11:01 KRASG12V-specific TCR-expressing CD8- and CD4-positive T-lymphocytes AFNT-211
nci_thesaurus_definition
A preparation of autologous HLA class I histocompatibility antigen A*11:01 (HLA-A1101)-positive CD8- and CD4-positive T-lymphocytes that have been transduced with a lentiviral vector expressing a HLA-A*11:01-restricted T-cell receptor (TCR) that recognizes the glycine to valine point mutation at position 12 (G12V) variant of Kirsten rat sarcoma (K-RAS; KRAS), and enhanced with the wildtype CD8alpha/beta (CD8a/b) coreceptor, and a FAS-41BB switch receptor, and subsequently expanded ex vivo, with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. When reintroduced into the patient, the autologous HLA-A*11:01 KRASG12V-specific TCR-expressing CD8- and CD4-positive T-lymphocytes AFNT-211 specifically recognize and bind to KRASG12V expressed on tumor cells, which results in both cytokine secretion and cell lysis in tumor cells overexpressing KRASG12V. K-RAS, a member of the RAS family of oncogenes, serves an important role in cell signaling, division and differentiation. The KRASG12V mutation is overexpressed in a variety of cancer cell types. Mutation of K-RAS may induce constitutive signal transduction leading to tumor cell growth, proliferation, invasion, and metastasis. CD8a/b coreceptor and a FAS-41BB switch receptor improve T-cell persistence. The introduction of the CD8a/b coreceptor enables a coordinated CD4+/CD8+ T-cell response and enables CD4+ T-cell recognition of KRASG12V and enhances cytotoxicity. FAS-41BB converts the FAS ligand (FASL) tumor microenvironment (TME) death signal into a costimulatory signal through 41BB activation, thereby enhancing the durability of the anti-tumor immune response against FASL-expressing tumor cells.
drug_category
ENGINEERED TCR T
drug_class
Cellular Therapy
drug_delivery_route
Intravenous
drug_mechanism_of_action
Autologous gene-modified CD8+ and CD4+ T cells engineered to express an HLA-A*11:01-restricted TCR specific for the KRAS G12V neoantigen. After infusion, the cells recognize KRAS G12V peptide presented on MHC-I and mediate tumor cell killing via TCR-driven cytotoxicity and cytokine release. A co-expressed wild-type CD8alpha/beta coreceptor strengthens TCR signaling and enables CD4+ T-cell recognition, while a Fas-4-1BB switch receptor converts FasL death signals into 4-1BB costimulation, enhancing activation, resistance to apoptosis, and persistence.
drug_name
AFNT-211
nct_id_drug_ref
NCT06105021