Autologous T cells engineered to express a chimeric antigen receptor (often targeting CD19) to recognize and kill malignant B cells.
Autologous T cells are genetically engineered to express a chimeric antigen receptor (often targeting CD19) that recognizes tumor antigens independent of MHC, activating the T cells to proliferate and kill antigen-positive malignant B cells via cytotoxic mechanisms (perforin/granzyme) and cytokine release.
YES
DIRECT
CAR-engineered T cells recognize CD19 on target cells and kill them via T-cell cytotoxicity—primarily perforin/granzyme-mediated apoptosis, with contributions from death-receptor signaling and cytokines.
An antibody–drug conjugate targeting CLDN18.2 that delivers the microtubule inhibitor monomethyl auristatin E (MMAE, vedotin) to induce direct cytotoxicity, bystander killing, and Fc-mediated ADCC.
CLDN18.2-targeted monoclonal antibody linked via a cleavable linker to the microtubule inhibitor MMAE (vedotin). After binding CLDN18.2 and internalization, MMAE is released to inhibit tubulin polymerization, causing G2/M arrest and apoptosis; also enables bystander killing and Fc-mediated ADCC.
YES
DIRECT
ADC binds CLDN18.2, is internalized, and releases MMAE (vedotin) that inhibits microtubule polymerization, causing G2/M arrest and apoptosis; Fc can also mediate ADCC and the payload enables bystander killing.
An antibody–drug conjugate targeting CLDN18.2 that delivers the microtubule inhibitor monomethyl auristatin E (MMAE, vedotin) to induce direct cytotoxicity, bystander killing, and Fc-mediated ADCC.
CLDN18.2-targeted monoclonal antibody linked via a cleavable linker to the microtubule inhibitor MMAE (vedotin). After binding CLDN18.2 and internalization, MMAE is released to inhibit tubulin polymerization, causing G2/M arrest and apoptosis; also enables bystander killing and Fc-mediated ADCC.
NO
INDIRECT
LM-302 targets CLDN18.2 on the cell surface, is internalized, and releases MMAE, which binds beta-tubulin to inhibit microtubule polymerization, causing G2/M arrest and apoptosis; bystander killing and Fc-mediated ADCC can also occur. Tubulin is the intracellular payload target, not the antigen that determines selective killing.
Humanized IgG1 monoclonal antibody against CD20 that depletes circulating CD20+ B cells via complement- and Fc-mediated cytotoxicity, reducing B-cell antigen presentation and proinflammatory cytokines.
Humanized IgG1 monoclonal antibody targeting CD20 on B cells; depletes circulating CD20+ B cells via complement-dependent cytotoxicity and antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity, reducing B-cell antigen presentation and proinflammatory cytokine production.
YES
DIRECT
Binds CD20 on B cells and induces complement-dependent cytotoxicity (CDC) and Fc-mediated effector killing (ADCC/ADCP), leading to lysis and depletion of CD20+ cells.
Fully human IgG1 monoclonal antibody targeting CD20 that induces potent complement-mediated depletion of CD20+ B cells.
Fully human IgG1 monoclonal antibody targeting CD20 on B cells; induces complement-dependent cytotoxicity and antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity, depleting CD20+ B cells and dampening B cell–mediated immune activity.
YES
DIRECT
Anti-CD20 IgG1 binds CD20 on B cells and induces complement-dependent cytotoxicity and Fcγ receptor–mediated ADCC, leading to lysis of CD20+ cells.