eligibility_summary
Eligible patients had >=1 claim for ofatumumab or a newly initiated oral or self-injectable DMT in the index window, >=12 months pre-index and >=6 months post-index continuous enrollment with medical and pharmacy benefits, MS diagnosis (>=2 outpatient claims >=30 days apart or >=1 inpatient claim, ICD-10-CM G35), no missing age/sex, and were excluded if two DMTs occurred on the same day.
trial_source
clinical_trials.gov from Dec 2, 2025
annotation_status
ai
ai_summary
Observational, retrospective US claims study comparing real-world persistence/adherence in MS for: Ofatumumab (subcutaneous anti‑CD20 monoclonal antibody, depletes CD20+ B cells via CDC/ADCC). Oral DMTs: fumarates—dimethyl/diroximel/monomethyl fumarate (small molecules activating Nrf2 antioxidant signaling, immunomodulate, lower lymphocytes), S1P receptor modulators—fingolimod, siponimod, ozanimod, ponesimod (small molecules functionally antagonizing S1P1 to sequester T/B cells in lymph nodes), teriflunomide (small‑molecule DHODH inhibitor, limits activated T/B proliferation), cladribine (oral purine nucleoside analog, lymphocyte depletion via DNA damage). Self‑injectables: glatiramer acetate (polypeptide, MBP mimic driving Th2/Treg, modulates APCs), interferon beta‑1a/1b, peg‑β1a (cytokines, reduce antigen presentation and leukocyte trafficking), daclizumab (anti‑CD25 mAb, blocks IL‑2 signaling, expands NK cells). Targets: B cells, T cells, APCs, S1P1, DHODH, Nrf2, IL‑2Rα, BBB trafficking.