eligibility_summary
Eligibility: Adults (≥19) with multiple myeloma diagnosed at Seoul, Yeouido, Incheon, or Eunpyeong St. Mary’s Hospitals between May 2009–June 2023 who received immunotherapy for relapsed/refractory disease. Immunotherapy includes proteasome inhibitors, immunomodulatory drugs, monoclonal antibodies, CAR-T, bispecific antibodies, or antibody-drug conjugates. Excludes patients with diagnoses other than MGUS or multiple myeloma.
trial_source
clinical_trials.gov from Dec 2, 2025
annotation_status
ai
ai_summary
Retrospective observational study in relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma comparing advanced T‑cell–redirecting immunotherapies to classical immunochemotherapy. Drug classes/mechanisms: proteasome inhibitors (small molecules blocking the 26S proteasome, causing proteotoxic stress and apoptosis), IMiDs (cereblon-modulating small molecules that degrade IKZF1/3 and enhance T/NK cell activity), monoclonal antibodies (IgG mAbs such as anti-CD38 or anti-SLAMF7 mediating ADCC/CDC), bispecific T‑cell engagers (CD3×tumor antigen antibodies redirecting cytotoxic T cells), CAR‑T cells (engineered autologous T cells targeting myeloma antigens), antibody‑drug conjugates (mAbs delivering cytotoxic payloads), immune checkpoint inhibitors (anti‑PD‑1/PD‑L1 mAbs releasing T‑cell inhibition). Targets/pathways: malignant plasma cells expressing BCMA, GPRC5D, CD38, SLAMF7, T‑cell CD3 activation, PD‑1/PD‑L1 axis, cereblon pathway, ubiquitin‑proteasome system, NK‑cell cytotoxicity.