NCT06761911 tests brentuximab vedotin (BV) alone or in combinations for relapsed/refractory classical Hodgkin lymphoma. BV is a CD30-directed antibody–drug conjugate (IgG1 mAb linked to MMAE), which binds CD30 on Reed–Sternberg cells, is internalized, releases the microtubule-disrupting payload, and induces apoptosis. Combination options include anti–PD-1 monoclonal antibodies sintilimab or tislelizumab (checkpoint inhibitors that block PD-1 on T cells to restore antitumor immunity) and bendamustine (alkylating agent causing DNA crosslinks), gemcitabine, dacarbazine, or etoposide may also be used per investigator. Targets/pathways: CD30 on Hodgkin cells, microtubules, PD-1/PD-L1 axis on T cells, DNA damage pathways (alkylation/crosslinking, topo II with etoposide, nucleoside metabolism with gemcitabine).