Autologous dendritic cell (DC) vaccine made from the patient’s monocytes and loaded ex vivo with autologous glioblastoma (GBM) tumor antigens to activate tumor-specific T-cell responses.
Autologous dendritic cells are loaded ex vivo with patient-derived glioblastoma antigens and administered to present these antigens via MHC I/II, priming tumor-specific CD8+ cytotoxic and CD4+ helper T-cell responses that drive CTL-mediated lysis of GBM cells; GM-CSF is used to enhance dendritic cell maturation and activity.
NO
INDIRECT
The DC vaccine primes tumor-specific CTLs that kill GBM cells presenting tumor antigens via MHC; GM-CSF signaling through its common beta receptor is used to mature DCs, not to target or kill those receptor-expressing cells.
Type II anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody that depletes malignant B cells via ADCC/ADCP and direct cell death.
Glycoengineered humanized IgG1 type II anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody that binds CD20 on B cells and depletes malignant CD20+ B cells primarily via enhanced FcγRIIIa-mediated ADCC and ADCP, with additional direct (caspase-independent) cell death; limited reliance on complement activation.
NO
INDIRECT
Obinutuzumab targets CD20 on B cells; its Fc engages Fcγ receptors (e.g., CD16) on effector cells to mediate ADCC/ADCP, killing CD20+ B cells. Cells expressing CD16B act as effectors, not targets, and are not directly killed.
Therapeutic synthetic long peptide vaccine for chronic hepatitis B that is taken up by dendritic cells and presented via MHC class I and II to cross-prime HBV-specific CD8+ cytotoxic T cells and CD4+ Th1 cells, aiming to restore antiviral T-cell responses and enable CTL-mediated killing of HBV-infected hepatocytes.
Synthetic long peptides are taken up by dendritic cells and presented on MHC class I and II to cross-prime HBV-specific CD8+ cytotoxic T cells and CD4+ Th1 cells, restoring antiviral T-cell responses and enabling CTL-mediated killing of HBV-infected hepatocytes.
NO
INDIRECT
The vaccine primes HBV-specific CD8+ T cells via dendritic-cell antigen presentation; activated CTLs then recognize HBV peptide–MHC I complexes on infected hepatocytes and kill them via perforin/granzyme (and Fas–FasL). MHC I expression itself is not the cytotoxic target.
Therapeutic synthetic long peptide vaccine for chronic hepatitis B that is taken up by dendritic cells and presented via MHC class I and II to cross-prime HBV-specific CD8+ cytotoxic T cells and CD4+ Th1 cells, aiming to restore antiviral T-cell responses and enable CTL-mediated killing of HBV-infected hepatocytes.
Synthetic long peptides are taken up by dendritic cells and presented on MHC class I and II to cross-prime HBV-specific CD8+ cytotoxic T cells and CD4+ Th1 cells, restoring antiviral T-cell responses and enabling CTL-mediated killing of HBV-infected hepatocytes.
NO
INDIRECT
Peptide vaccine is taken up by dendritic cells and presented on MHC I/II to prime HBV‑specific CD8+ T cells and Th1 cells; the activated CTLs then kill HBV‑infected hepatocytes via perforin/granzyme-mediated cytotoxicity. MHC II–expressing APCs are not directly killed.
Therapeutic synthetic long peptide vaccine for chronic hepatitis B that is taken up by dendritic cells and presented via MHC class I and II to cross-prime HBV-specific CD8+ cytotoxic T cells and CD4+ Th1 cells, aiming to restore antiviral T-cell responses and enable CTL-mediated killing of HBV-infected hepatocytes.
Synthetic long peptides are taken up by dendritic cells and presented on MHC class I and II to cross-prime HBV-specific CD8+ cytotoxic T cells and CD4+ Th1 cells, restoring antiviral T-cell responses and enabling CTL-mediated killing of HBV-infected hepatocytes.
YES
INDIRECT
SLP vaccine is taken up by dendritic cells and cross-presented to prime HBV-specific CD8+ T cells; these CTLs recognize HBV peptide–MHC on infected hepatocytes and kill them via perforin/granzyme (and Fas–FasL) pathways.