An antibody–drug conjugate comprising an anti-TROP2 monoclonal antibody linked to SN-38 (the active metabolite of irinotecan). After binding TROP2 on tumor cells and internalization, it releases SN-38 to inhibit topoisomerase I, causing DNA damage and apoptosis, with possible bystander effect.
Anti-TROP2 monoclonal antibody linked to the topoisomerase I inhibitor SN-38. After binding TROP2 on tumor cells and internalization, the linker is cleaved to release SN-38, which inhibits topoisomerase I, causing DNA damage and apoptosis; the membrane-permeable payload can also produce a bystander effect.
NO
INDIRECT
The ADC binds TROP2 (not topoisomerase I) and is internalized; the released SN-38 inhibits topoisomerase I to cause DNA damage and apoptosis. Thus, topoisomerase I expression alone does not determine targeting; killing occurs via TROP2-mediated delivery with possible bystander effect.
Anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody that depletes B cells; used as second-line or added to first-line therapy.
Anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody that binds CD20 on pre-B and mature B cells and depletes them via complement-dependent cytotoxicity, antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity, and apoptosis, reducing autoantibody production and B-cell antigen presentation.
YES
DIRECT
Rituximab binds CD20 on B cells and triggers complement-dependent cytotoxicity (CDC) and Fc-mediated antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) by NK cells/macrophages; it can also induce apoptosis of CD20+ cells.
Humanized anti-HER2 IgG1 monoclonal antibody that binds domain IV of ERBB2, inhibits HER2 signaling, and mediates ADCC.
Humanized IgG1 monoclonal antibody targeting HER2/ERBB2 (binds domain IV) on tumor cells; inhibits HER2 signaling and downstream PI3K/AKT and MAPK pathways, reduces receptor activation, and mediates immune effector killing via antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC).
YES
DIRECT
Trastuzumab binds HER2 on tumor cells and its Fc engages Fcγ receptors on NK cells and other effectors to mediate antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC), killing the coated cells.
Humanized anti-HER2 monoclonal antibody that binds domain II of ERBB2, blocking HER2 dimerization with HER3/EGFR and downstream signaling.
Humanized IgG1 monoclonal antibody targeting HER2 (ERBB2) domain II, preventing HER2 heterodimerization (especially with HER3/EGFR), thereby inhibiting downstream PI3K/AKT and MAPK signaling; can also mediate antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity, resulting in growth arrest and apoptosis of HER2-positive tumor cells.
YES
DIRECT
Pertuzumab opsonizes HER2-expressing cells and engages FcγR-bearing immune effectors (e.g., NK cells) to mediate ADCC; HER2 dimerization blockade can also trigger apoptosis.
A HER2-directed antibody–drug conjugate composed of a humanized anti-HER2 monoclonal antibody linked via a cleavable linker to monomethyl auristatin E (MMAE); binds ERBB2/HER2, is internalized, and releases MMAE to inhibit microtubule polymerization, causing mitotic arrest and apoptosis.
HER2-directed antibody–drug conjugate: the anti-HER2 monoclonal antibody binds ERBB2/HER2, is internalized, and via a cleavable linker releases MMAE, which inhibits microtubule polymerization, causing G2/M arrest and apoptosis (potential bystander cytotoxicity).
YES
DIRECT
ADC binds HER2 on target cells, is internalized, and releases MMAE via a cleavable linker; MMAE inhibits microtubule polymerization, causing G2/M arrest and apoptosis (with potential bystander effect).