An intravenous antibody–drug conjugate consisting of a humanized anti‑TROP2 monoclonal antibody linked to a topoisomerase I–inhibiting cytotoxic payload that is delivered to TROP2‑expressing tumor cells, inducing DNA damage and cell death; indicated for metastatic triple‑negative breast cancer.
Humanized anti‑TROP2 (TACSTD2) monoclonal antibody conjugated to SN‑38 binds TROP2‑expressing tumor cells, is internalized, and releases SN‑38 to inhibit topoisomerase I, stabilizing Topo I–DNA complexes and causing DNA damage, replication arrest, and apoptosis.
YES
INDIRECT
The ADC binds TROP2 on tumor cells, is internalized, and releases SN-38, which inhibits topoisomerase I, causing stabilized Topo I–DNA complexes, DNA damage, and apoptosis.
CD70-targeting monoclonal antibody that blocks CD70–CD27 signaling on AML blasts and leukemia stem cells and promotes immune-mediated killing (e.g., ADCC/CDC).
Defucosylated humanized IgG1 monoclonal antibody targeting CD70 that blocks CD70–CD27 signaling on AML blasts and leukemia stem cells and promotes immune-mediated killing (e.g., ADCC/CDC, ADCP) of CD70-expressing cells.
YES
DIRECT
Anti-CD70 IgG1 binds CD70 and engages Fc-mediated effector functions (ADCC by NK cells, CDC, and ADCP), leading to killing of CD70-expressing cells.
Autologous dendritic cell-based cancer vaccine generated from the patient's leukapheresis; dendritic cells are loaded with multi-epitope folate receptor‑alpha peptides and administered intradermally to prime FRα‑specific CD8+ and CD4+ T-cell responses and antibodies against FRα‑expressing tumor cells.
Autologous dendritic cells are loaded ex vivo with multi-epitope folate receptor‑alpha peptides and administered intradermally. The DCs migrate to draining lymph nodes and present FRα peptides on MHC I and II to activate FRα‑specific CD8+ cytotoxic and CD4+ helper T cells and induce antibodies, leading to immune‑mediated killing of FRα‑expressing tumor cells and potential epitope spreading.
YES
INDIRECT
DC vaccine primes FRα-specific T-cell immunity; CD8+ T cells recognize FRα-derived peptides on MHC I of tumor cells and kill via perforin/granzyme-mediated apoptosis, with possible antibody-mediated ADCC/CDC contributing.
Oral small-molecule BCL-2 inhibitor (BH3 mimetic) that restores mitochondrial apoptosis in AML cells.
Selective oral BCL-2 inhibitor (BH3 mimetic) that binds the BH3-binding groove of BCL-2, blocks its anti-apoptotic function, releases pro-apoptotic factors to activate BAX/BAK and restore mitochondrial apoptosis; sparing BCL-XL.
YES
DIRECT
BH3-mimetic inhibition of BCL-2 releases pro-apoptotic factors, activates BAX/BAK, induces mitochondrial outer membrane permeabilization and caspase-dependent apoptosis in BCL-2–dependent cells.
Polyclonal antibody preparation that depletes and suppresses T lymphocytes to reduce autoimmune marrow destruction.
Polyclonal anti-lymphocyte immunoglobulin that binds multiple T‑cell surface antigens and depletes/suppresses T lymphocytes via complement-dependent cytolysis and Fc-mediated clearance, reducing autoreactive T‑cell–mediated marrow destruction.
YES
DIRECT
ALG antibodies bind CD2 on T cells, triggering complement-dependent lysis and Fc receptor–mediated ADCC/phagocytic clearance of the opsonized cells.