Only direct cytotoxic targets are shown
| Gene | NCT ID | Antigen/Ligand | Binding Type | Drug Name | Drug NCI Concept | Drug Category | Drug Class | Drug Description | Drug Mechanism of Action | Target Cytotoxicity Mechanism | Disease | Disease Type | Tissue | OncoTree Main Type | OncoTree Name | Annotation Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CD19 | NCT06092047 | CD19 | antigen recognition | UTAA09 | C202226 | CAR T | Cellular Therapy | Allogeneic off-the-shelf CAR-γδ T-cell therapy engineered via lentiviral vector to express an anti-CD19 chimeric antigen receptor; administered intravenously to target and kill CD19-positive B-cell malignancies. | Allogeneic, off-the-shelf gamma-delta T cells engineered via lentiviral vector to express an anti-CD19 chimeric antigen receptor. After IV infusion, the CAR binds CD19 on malignant B cells, triggering MHC-independent activation of gamma-delta T-cell cytotoxic mechanisms (e.g., perforin/granzyme release and cytokine-mediated killing) to selectively eliminate CD19-positive cells. | Anti-CD19 CAR-γδ T cells bind CD19 and directly kill target cells via T-cell effector functions (primarily perforin/granzyme-mediated apoptosis; MHC-independent). | CD19-positive relapsed or refractory B-cell malignancies | CANCER | Lymphoid | Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma, B Cell | Mature B-Cell Neoplasms | ai |
| CD38 | NCT05556616 | CD38 | antigen recognition | Modakafusp alfa | C140427 | SIGNALING PROTEIN | General immune activator | Antibody–cytokine fusion (immunocytokine): an anti-CD38 IgG linked to attenuated IFN-alpha2b that binds CD38+ myeloma/immune cells and delivers IFN to activate IFNAR/type I interferon signaling, driving direct antitumor effects and immune activation. | Modakafusp alfa is an anti-CD38 IgG4–IFN-alpha2b immunocytokine that binds CD38+ myeloma and immune cells and locally delivers interferon. The IFN-alpha moiety engages IFNAR to activate type I interferon signaling, inducing antiproliferative/apoptotic programs in CD38+ tumor cells and stimulating innate/adaptive immune responses. | The anti‑CD38 IgG4–IFN‑α2b fusion binds CD38 on target cells and delivers IFN‑α locally; IFN‑α engages IFNAR on the same cell, activating type I interferon signaling that induces antiproliferative/apoptotic programs, killing CD38+ cells (with additional immune stimulation as a secondary effect). | Multiple Myeloma | CANCER | Lymphoid | Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma, B Cell | Plasma Cell Myeloma | ai |
| CD38 | NCT05556616 | CD38 | antigen recognition | Daratumumab | C74007 | CYTOTOXIC ANTIBODY | Other treatment | Anti-CD38 monoclonal antibody that mediates ADCC, CDC, and ADCP and depletes CD38+ immunosuppressive cells. | Human IgG1κ anti-CD38 monoclonal antibody that binds CD38 on malignant plasma cells and other CD38+ cells, inducing Fc-mediated antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC), complement-dependent cytotoxicity (CDC), and antibody-dependent cellular phagocytosis (ADCP); also depletes CD38+ immunosuppressive cells (Tregs, Bregs, MDSCs), contributing to antitumor immunity. | Daratumumab binds CD38 on target cells and engages immune effectors via its Fc to mediate ADCC (NK cells), ADCP (macrophages), and CDC (complement), leading to lysis/phagocytic clearance of CD38+ cells. | Multiple Myeloma | CANCER | Lymphoid | Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma, B Cell | Plasma Cell Myeloma | ai |
| CDH6 | NCT06161025 | Cadherin-6 (CDH6) | antigen recognition | Raludotatug deruxtecan (R-DXd; DS-6000a) | ANTIBODY DRUG CONJUGATE | Conjugate | CDH6-directed antibody–drug conjugate; a monoclonal antibody targeting Cadherin-6 that is internalized and releases a deruxtecan (DXd; exatecan-derivative) topoisomerase I inhibitor payload to cause DNA damage and apoptosis. | CDH6-targeted antibody–drug conjugate; the anti-CDH6 mAb binds Cadherin-6 on tumor cells, is internalized, and releases a deruxtecan (DXd; exatecan-derivative) topoisomerase I inhibitor payload that induces DNA damage (single-strand breaks), leading to cell cycle arrest and apoptosis, with potential bystander killing. | Anti-CDH6 antibody–drug conjugate binds CDH6 on tumor cells, internalizes, and releases a DXd topoisomerase I inhibitor that induces DNA damage (single-strand breaks), causing cell-cycle arrest and apoptosis, with potential bystander killing. | Primary Peritoneal Cancer | CANCER | Peritoneum | Peritoneal Cancer | Peritoneal Cancer | ai | |
| CD19 | NCT05934448 | CD19 | antigen recognition | Axicabtagene ciloleucel | C120309 | CAR T | Cellular Therapy | Autologous CD19-directed chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy that recognizes and kills malignant B cells. | Autologous T cells genetically engineered (gammaretroviral vector) to express an anti‑CD19 CAR with CD28 costimulation and CD3ζ signaling. After infusion, CAR T cells recognize CD19 on B‑cell malignancies independent of MHC, leading to T‑cell activation, proliferation, cytokine release, and cytotoxic killing of CD19‑positive cells (resulting in depletion of malignant and normal B cells). | Anti-CD19 CAR T cells recognize CD19 on B cells, become activated, and kill target cells via T-cell cytotoxic pathways (perforin/granzyme release and death receptor–mediated apoptosis). | T-Cell/Histiocyte-Rich Large B-Cell Lymphoma | CANCER | Lymphoid | Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma, B Cell | T-Cell/Histiocyte-Rich Large B-Cell Lymphoma | ai |