Oral small-molecule BH3-mimetic BCL-2 inhibitor that triggers apoptosis of CLL B cells.
Selective oral BH3-mimetic that inhibits BCL-2 by binding its hydrophobic groove, blocking anti-apoptotic function and restoring mitochondrial apoptosis in BCL-2-dependent tumor cells (e.g., CLL), with minimal BCL-XL inhibition.
YES
DIRECT
Venetoclax binds and inhibits BCL-2, restoring mitochondrial apoptosis (BAX/BAK activation, MOMP, cytochrome c release, caspase activation) in BCL-2–dependent cells.
Intravenous humanized type II anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody that depletes B cells via enhanced ADCC/ADCP and direct cell death.
Glycoengineered humanized type II anti‑CD20 IgG1 that binds CD20 on B cells and promotes potent FcγRIIIa‑mediated ADCC/ADCP and direct, caspase‑independent cell death, leading to depletion of CD20+ malignant B lymphocytes.
YES
DIRECT
Binds CD20 on B cells, recruits effector cells via FcgammaRIIIa to mediate ADCC/ADCP, and also induces direct caspase-independent cell death of CD20+ cells.
Autologous T cells engineered ex vivo with synthetic mRNA to transiently express an HBV-specific T-cell receptor, redirecting cytotoxic CD8+ T cells to HBV peptide–HLA complexes on infected hepatocytes for targeted killing.
Autologous T cells are ex vivo transfected with synthetic mRNA encoding an HBV-specific T-cell receptor, leading to transient TCR expression that recognizes HBV peptide–HLA complexes on infected hepatocytes and triggers TCR signaling–mediated cytotoxicity (perforin/granzyme) for targeted elimination of HBV-infected cells.
YES
DIRECT
Engineered HBV-specific TCR-T cells recognize HBV peptide–HLA class I on infected hepatocytes and induce cytolysis via TCR-triggered perforin/granzyme-mediated apoptosis (and Fas/FasL).
Replicating arenavirus-based therapeutic cancer vaccine (lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus vector) encoding non-oncogenic HPV16 antigens to elicit tumor-specific cytotoxic T-cell responses.
Replicating arenavirus (LCMV) vector that delivers and expresses non-oncogenic HPV16 E6/E7 antigens in vivo to prime and expand HPV16-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes, leading to immune-mediated lysis of HPV16-positive tumor cells.
YES
INDIRECT
Therapeutic arenavirus vaccine primes/expands HPV16 E6/E7–specific CD8+ T cells, which recognize E6-derived peptides on MHC I of HPV16+ cells and kill them via CTL mechanisms (perforin/granzyme, Fas–FasL).
Replicating arenavirus-based therapeutic cancer vaccine (lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus vector) encoding non-oncogenic HPV16 antigens to elicit tumor-specific cytotoxic T-cell responses.
Replicating arenavirus (LCMV) vector that delivers and expresses non-oncogenic HPV16 E6/E7 antigens in vivo to prime and expand HPV16-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes, leading to immune-mediated lysis of HPV16-positive tumor cells.
YES
INDIRECT
The LCMV-based vaccine expresses HPV16 E6/E7 to prime and expand HPV16-specific CD8+ T cells; these CTLs recognize E7 peptides on MHC I of tumor cells and kill them via perforin/granzyme (and Fas–FasL) pathways.