A humanized anti-HER2 monoclonal antibody that binds HER2 domain II and blocks HER2/HER3 dimerization.
Humanized anti-HER2 monoclonal antibody that binds HER2 extracellular domain II, blocks HER2/HER3 dimerization, inhibits downstream PI3K/AKT and MAPK signaling to suppress tumor cell proliferation and survival; can also mediate Fc-dependent ADCC.
YES
DIRECT
Pertuzumab binds HER2 on target cells and engages Fcγ receptor–bearing immune cells to mediate ADCC, killing HER2+ cells; HER2/HER3 signaling blockade can also induce apoptosis.
Anti-EGFR antibody-drug conjugate that binds EGFR, internalizes, and releases the microtubule-disrupting payload MMAE, causing mitotic arrest and apoptosis; the IgG1 backbone may also mediate ADCC.
MRG003 is an anti-EGFR IgG1 antibody–drug conjugate that binds EGFR on tumor cells, is internalized, and releases the cytotoxic payload MMAE, which inhibits tubulin polymerization, causing G2/M mitotic arrest and apoptosis; the IgG1 backbone may also mediate ADCC.
NO
INDIRECT
MRG003 targets EGFR, is internalized, and releases MMAE that binds beta-tubulin to block microtubule polymerization, causing G2/M arrest and apoptosis; killing is directed by EGFR binding, not by beta-tubulin expression itself.
Cord blood–derived natural killer (NK) cells genetically engineered to express a CD19-directed chimeric antigen receptor for antigen-specific recognition and cytotoxic killing of CD19-positive B cells in B-cell malignancies.
Cord blood–derived NK cells are engineered to express a CD19-specific chimeric antigen receptor, enabling antigen-dependent recognition and cytotoxic killing of CD19-positive B cells in B-cell malignancies. In this construct, IL-15 supports NK activation, proliferation, and persistence, while IL-10 modulates inflammatory responses to enhance antitumor activity and potentially reduce toxicity.
NO
INDIRECT
IL-2 receptor beta mediates IL-15 signaling to support the engineered NK cells; it is not targeted for killing. The drug kills CD19-positive cells via CAR-mediated NK cytotoxicity (perforin/granzyme and death receptor pathways).
Intravenous, type II glycoengineered anti‑CD20 monoclonal antibody that induces direct B‑cell death and enhances antibody‑dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC).
Type II glycoengineered humanized IgG1 anti-CD20 mAb that binds CD20 on B cells and depletes them primarily via enhanced FcγRIIIa-mediated ADCC/ADCP and by inducing direct, caspase-independent cell death (with limited CDC).
NO
INDIRECT
Obinutuzumab binds CD20 on B cells; its Fc engages CD16a on NK cells/monocytes to trigger ADCC/ADCP that kills CD20+ B cells, not the CD16a-expressing cells.
Trop-2–directed antibody–drug conjugate with a topoisomerase I inhibitor payload.
Trop-2–targeted monoclonal antibody delivers the topoisomerase I inhibitor payload SN-38 to Trop-2–expressing tumor cells; after internalization and linker cleavage, SN-38 stabilizes topo I–DNA complexes, causing DNA breaks, replication arrest, and apoptosis (with potential bystander effect from released SN-38).
YES
DIRECT
The ADC binds TROP2 on target cells, is internalized, and releases the SN-38 payload, a topoisomerase I inhibitor, causing DNA damage and apoptosis (with possible bystander killing from released SN-38).