An antibody–drug conjugate composed of a humanized anti–Trop-2 monoclonal antibody linked to SN-38 (irinotecan’s active metabolite), delivering a topoisomerase I inhibitor to Trop-2–expressing tumor cells to induce DNA single-strand breaks and apoptosis.
Humanized anti–Trop-2 monoclonal antibody linked to SN-38 (irinotecan’s active metabolite). The antibody binds Trop-2 on tumor cells, is internalized, and the linker is cleaved to release SN-38, which inhibits topoisomerase I by stabilizing Topo I–DNA complexes, causing DNA single-strand breaks, replication arrest, and apoptosis; may also exert a bystander cytotoxic effect.
NO
INDIRECT
The ADC binds Trop-2 (not topoisomerase I), is internalized, and releases SN-38, which inhibits topoisomerase I to cause DNA damage and apoptosis; thus killing is driven by Trop-2–mediated delivery, not by expression of topoisomerase I itself.
Recombinant humanized bispecific anti-HER2 IgG monoclonal antibody that binds two distinct HER2 epitopes to block HER2 homo/heterodimerization and signaling; mediates Fcγ-dependent ADCC.
Recombinant humanized bispecific anti‑HER2 IgG that binds two non‑overlapping HER2 epitopes to block HER2 homo/heterodimerization and downstream signaling (PI3K/AKT/MAPK) and mediates Fcγ receptor–dependent ADCC against HER2‑overexpressing tumor cells.
YES
DIRECT
Anti-HER2 bispecific IgG binds HER2 on target cells and engages Fcγ receptors on NK cells/macrophages to trigger antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC), leading to lysis/apoptosis of HER2+ cells; also blocks HER2 signaling.
Anti-HER2 IgG monoclonal antibody (binds domain II) that prevents HER2 dimerization and induces ADCC.
Humanized anti‑HER2 IgG1 monoclonal antibody that binds HER2 extracellular domain II, blocking HER2 homo/heterodimerization and downstream PI3K/AKT/MAPK signaling, and engaging Fcγ receptors to mediate antibody‑dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC), leading to tumor cell growth inhibition and apoptosis.
YES
DIRECT
Anti‑HER2 IgG1 binds HER2 and engages Fcγ receptors on NK cells/other effectors to trigger ADCC, killing HER2+ cells; HER2 signaling blockade can also promote apoptosis.
Anti-HER2 IgG monoclonal antibody (binds domain IV) that inhibits HER2 signaling and induces ADCC.
Humanized IgG1 monoclonal antibody against HER2 (binds domain IV) that blocks HER2 signaling/dimerization and downstream PI3K/AKT/MAPK pathways, inhibits HER2 ectodomain shedding, and triggers Fcγ-mediated ADCC against HER2-overexpressing tumor cells.
YES
DIRECT
Binds HER2 on target cells and engages Fcγ receptors on effector cells (e.g., NK cells) to trigger antibody‑dependent cellular cytotoxicity, killing HER2+ cells (with some complement activation possible).
HER2-targeted antibody-drug conjugate that delivers the microtubule toxin MMAE to tumor cells to induce apoptosis.
Disitamab vedotin is a HER2-targeted antibody–drug conjugate that binds HER2 on tumor cells, is internalized, and releases the cytotoxic payload MMAE via a cleavable linker. MMAE disrupts microtubules, causing G2/M arrest and apoptosis, with potential bystander killing due to membrane-permeable payload.
YES
DIRECT
The ADC binds HER2 on target cells, is internalized, and releases the MMAE payload via a cleavable linker, inhibiting microtubules to cause G2/M arrest and apoptosis; the membrane-permeable payload can also cause bystander killing.