Only direct cytotoxic targets are shown
| Gene | NCT ID | Antigen/Ligand | Binding Type | Drug Name | Drug NCI Concept | Drug Category | Drug Class | Drug Description | Drug Mechanism of Action | Target Cytotoxicity Mechanism | Disease | Disease Type | Tissue | OncoTree Main Type | OncoTree Name | Annotation Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| TNFRSF17 | NCT05308875 | BCMA (B-cell maturation antigen) | antigen recognition | PD1-BCMA-CART | CAR T | Cellular Therapy | An autologous, gene-edited CAR T-cell therapy targeting BCMA on myeloma cells. The CAR construct is integrated non-virally at the PD-1 locus to modulate/abrogate PD-1 signaling, aiming to reduce T-cell exhaustion and enhance antitumor activity. Ex vivo–expanded CAR T cells bind BCMA, activate cytotoxic responses, and kill BCMA+ malignant plasma cells while countering PD-1/PD-L1–mediated immunosuppression. | Autologous gene-edited CAR T cells engineered with a BCMA-specific chimeric antigen receptor recognize and bind BCMA on myeloma cells, triggering cytotoxic killing of BCMA-positive malignant plasma cells. The CAR construct is integrated at the PD-1 locus to disrupt/modulate PD-1 signaling, reducing T-cell exhaustion and countering PD-1/PD-L1-mediated immunosuppression, thereby enhancing persistence and antitumor activity. | BCMA-specific CAR T cells bind BCMA on target cells, form an immune synapse, and kill via perforin/granzyme release and death-receptor (e.g., Fas/FasL) signaling, leading to apoptosis/lysis of BCMA+ cells. | Multiple Myeloma | CANCER | Lymphoid | Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma, B Cell | Plasma Cell Myeloma | ai | |
| ERBB2 | NCT05745454 | HER2 | antigen recognition | HER2-E-CART cells | CAR T | Cellular Therapy | Autologous, second-generation HER2-targeted CAR T-cell therapy. Patient T cells are engineered with an anti-HER2 scFv linked to CD3ζ plus a co-stimulatory domain (CD28 or 4-1BB) to induce activation, proliferation, cytokine release, and cytotoxicity against HER2-positive tumor cells. Administered by intravenous infusion in a dose-escalation schema; study references possible lymphodepleting preconditioning. | Autologous T cells are engineered to express a second‑generation HER2‑specific CAR (anti‑HER2 scFv fused to CD3ζ with a co‑stimulatory domain such as CD28 or 4‑1BB). Upon binding HER2 on tumor cells, the CAR provides activation and co‑stimulation, driving T‑cell proliferation, cytokine release, and perforin/granzyme‑mediated cytotoxic lysis of HER2‑positive cancer cells. | HER2-specific CAR T cells bind HER2 on target cells, become activated, and kill via perforin/granzyme-mediated cytolysis (and death receptor pathways). | Solid Tumor | CANCER | Other | Solid Tumors | Solid Tumors | ai | |
| TACSTD2 | NCT06312137 | TROP2 | antigen recognition | Sacituzumab tirumotecan (MK-2870/SKB264) | ANTIBODY DRUG CONJUGATE | Conjugate | TROP2-directed antibody-drug conjugate that delivers a cleavable topoisomerase I inhibitor payload to TROP2-expressing tumor cells, causing DNA damage and bystander cytotoxicity. | TROP2-directed antibody-drug conjugate that binds TROP2 on tumor cells, is internalized, and releases a cleavable topoisomerase I inhibitor payload to induce DNA damage and cell death, with potential bystander cytotoxicity in neighboring cells. | The ADC binds TROP2, is internalized, and releases a cleavable topoisomerase I inhibitor payload that causes DNA damage and apoptosis; the membrane-permeable payload can also produce bystander killing. | Lung Neoplasms | CANCER | Lung | Other Lung Cancer | Lung Cancer | ai | |
| LY75 | NCT05930951 | CD205 (LY75) | antigen recognition | OBT076 | C165598 | ANTIBODY DRUG CONJUGATE | Conjugate | An antibody-drug conjugate (fully human IgG1) targeting CD205/Ly75 that delivers a cytotoxic payload to CD205-high tumor cells, enabling direct tumor cell killing and potential immune activation. | Fully human IgG1 antibody targeting CD205/Ly75 linked via a cleavable SPDB linker to the maytansinoid DM4. Upon CD205 binding and internalization, intracellular proteases cleave the linker to release DM4, which binds tubulin and disrupts microtubule dynamics, inhibiting mitosis and causing tumor cell death; may also promote immune activation through antigen uptake. | ADC binds CD205 on target cells, is internalized, and releases the maytansinoid DM4 after linker cleavage; DM4 binds tubulin, disrupts microtubules, induces mitotic arrest, and kills the CD205-expressing cells. | Adenoid Cystic Carcinoma of the Head and Neck | CANCER | Head and Neck | Salivary Gland Cancer | Adenoid Cystic Carcinoma | ai |
| TRAC | NCT06872333 | TCR alpha constant | antigen recognition | Thymoglobulin (ATG) | CYTOTOXIC ANTIBODY | Inhibitor | Rabbit polyclonal anti-thymocyte globulin that depletes T cells to prevent rejection and GVHD. | Rabbit polyclonal anti-thymocyte IgG that binds multiple T-cell surface antigens and depletes T cells via complement-dependent cytotoxicity, antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity, and apoptosis, producing immunosuppression to prevent rejection and GVHD. | Polyclonal anti-thymocyte IgG binds TCR/CD3 (including TCRα) on T cells and induces complement-mediated lysis and Fc-dependent ADCC; cross-linking can also trigger apoptosis, depleting TCRα-expressing cells. | Hemoglobinopathies | NON-CANCER | Myeloid | manual_review_required |