HER2-directed antibody-drug conjugate delivering a topoisomerase I inhibitor payload (DXd) with bystander effect.
HER2-directed antibody-drug conjugate: trastuzumab binds HER2 on tumor cells and is internalized; a cleavable linker releases the DXd (exatecan derivative) topoisomerase I inhibitor, which traps Top1-DNA complexes to block DNA replication and induce cell-cycle arrest and apoptosis; also mediates ADCC and has a membrane-permeable payload that causes bystander killing.
YES
DIRECT
Trastuzumab binds HER2 on target cells, is internalized, and releases the DXd topoisomerase I inhibitor, causing DNA damage/replication arrest and apoptosis; it also mediates Fc-dependent ADCC and bystander killing.
HER2-directed antibody-drug conjugate delivering a topoisomerase I inhibitor payload (DXd) with bystander effect.
HER2-directed antibody-drug conjugate: trastuzumab binds HER2 on tumor cells and is internalized; a cleavable linker releases the DXd (exatecan derivative) topoisomerase I inhibitor, which traps Top1-DNA complexes to block DNA replication and induce cell-cycle arrest and apoptosis; also mediates ADCC and has a membrane-permeable payload that causes bystander killing.
NO
INDIRECT
The ADC binds HER2 (not Top1), is internalized, and releases the DXd payload that inhibits Top1 to cause DNA damage and apoptosis (with ADCC and bystander effects). Top1 expression alone does not make cells directly targeted by the drug.
HER2-directed antibody-drug conjugate linking trastuzumab to DM1 (maytansinoid) microtubule inhibitor.
HER2-directed antibody-drug conjugate: trastuzumab binds ERBB2/HER2 and is internalized; lysosomal processing of the non-cleavable MCC linker releases active Lys-MCC-DM1, a maytansinoid microtubule inhibitor that causes mitotic arrest and apoptosis. Trastuzumab also inhibits HER2 signaling and can mediate ADCC.
YES
DIRECT
ADC binds HER2 and is internalized; lysosomal processing releases the DM1 payload, a microtubule inhibitor, causing mitotic arrest and apoptosis in HER2+ cells (with additional ADCC from trastuzumab).
HER2-directed antibody-drug conjugate linking trastuzumab to DM1 (maytansinoid) microtubule inhibitor.
HER2-directed antibody-drug conjugate: trastuzumab binds ERBB2/HER2 and is internalized; lysosomal processing of the non-cleavable MCC linker releases active Lys-MCC-DM1, a maytansinoid microtubule inhibitor that causes mitotic arrest and apoptosis. Trastuzumab also inhibits HER2 signaling and can mediate ADCC.
NO
INDIRECT
T-DM1 targets HER2 on the cell surface; after HER2-mediated internalization, DM1 is released and binds beta-tubulin to disrupt microtubules, causing mitotic arrest and apoptosis. Beta-tubulin itself is not the targeting antigen.
Autologous T lymphocytes genetically engineered to express a chimeric antigen receptor specific for CD70; upon binding CD70 on tumor cells, they activate, proliferate, and mediate cytolysis and cytokine release.
Autologous T lymphocytes engineered to express a CD70-specific chimeric antigen receptor; binding to CD70 on tumor cells activates the T cells, leading to proliferation, perforin/granzyme-mediated cytolysis, and cytokine release to eliminate CD70-expressing cancer cells.
YES
DIRECT
CD70 CAR T cells bind CD70 on target cells and induce cytolysis via T‑cell degranulation (perforin/granzyme–mediated apoptosis), with possible death‑receptor and cytokine effects.